Phthalates are widely used as additives (plasticisers) in the production of plastic materials, such as PVC, and act to soften the materials to increase its processability, flexibility and extensibility. They are also added to paints, varnishes and rubbers as well as to certain food packaging materials. Phthalates are not chemically bound to the materials they

Brettanomyces bruxellensis (Brett) is a yeast which can cause significant spoilage in beverages through the production of volatile phenol compounds. These compounds are associated with undesirable sensory characters such as ‘Band-Aid’, ‘medicinal’, ‘horsy’ and ‘barnyard’. Beverage producers should be aware of the prevalence of Brett and have a prevention strategy in place, even if spoilage